'Wanaume wakibadilika ukatili wa kijinsia utapungua'
MATUKIO ya unyanyasaji yamekuwa yakishika kasi katika baadhi ya maeneo na kusababisha baadhi ya watu kuamua kukatisha uhai wao kwa kushindwa kuhimili unyanyasaji wanaofanyiwa.
Vitendo hivi vimekuwa vikitokea katika maeneo mbalimbali nchini hali ambayo imekuwa ikisababisha kuendelea kuwepo kwa matukio ya unyanyasaji hasa kwa wanawake na watoto.
Kuna aina nyingi za unyanyasaji wa kijinsia ambazo zimekuwa zikitokea kwa wanawake na wanaume ambapo wengi wamekuwa wakiyaficha manyanyaso hayo kutokana na kuyaonea aibu.
Ukatili wa Kijinsia ni kitendo chochote kinachoweza kumsababishia mtu mwingine madhara kimwili, kiakili, kingono, kisaikolojia, kiutamaduni, maumivu au hata kifo kinachotokea katika familia au jamii.
Ukatili pia humamaanisha vitendo vyenye kusudio la kulazimisha, kutisha au kuogofya mtu na hivyo basi kumshurutisha kufanya jambo kinyume na matakwa yake.
Kutokana na kuwepo kwa hali hiyo wanaharakati na wadau mbalimbali wamekuwa wakiadhimisha siku 16 za kupinga ukatili wa kijinsia ambapo kampeni kabambe ya kimataifa inaongozwa na Kituo Cha Kimataifa cha Wanawake katika uongozi "Women Global Leadership" tokea mwaka 1991 lengo ikiwa ni kuwakomboa watu walioko kwenye mateso hasa wanawake na watoto.
Chimbuko la siku 16 za kupinga ukatili wa Kijinsia ni mauaji ya kinyama ya akinadada wa Mirabelle yaliyofanyika nchini Dominika mwaka 1960 na kuanzia Novemba 25 mwaka 1991 Umoja wa Mataifa ulitenga siku hii kama siku ya Kimataifa ya kupinga Ukatili dhidi ya Wanawake.
Maadhimisho hayo yanafikia kilele Desemba 10 ambayo ni siku ya Kimataifa ya kuadhimisha tamko rasmi la Haki za Binadamu ikiwa ni ishara ya kuhusisha ukatili dhidi ya wanawake na haki za binadamu na kutia msisitizo kwamba ukatili kama huu ni uvunjaji wa haki za binadamu.
Kutokana na hali hiyo Jeshi la polisi nchini kwa mara ya kwanza tangu lianzishwe limeungana na wadau mbalimbali kwa kufanya maandamano ya amani kupinga ukatili wa kijinsia kwa watoto.
Jeshi hilo limeamua kufanya hivyo kutokana na ongezeko la vitendo vya ukatili nchini katika maeneo mengi na kusababisha amani kupotea.
Akizungumza na majira katika mahojiano maalumu Kamanda wa Polisi Mkoa wa Kinondoni, Charles Kenyela anasema kuwa, kumekuwepo na sababu nyingi ambazo zinapelekea kuwepo kwa unyanyasaji wa kijinsia.
Anasema baadhi ya sababu hizo ni pamoja na biashara haramu ya gongo, matumizi ya madawa ya kulevya na uuzaji wa pombe kali ambazo husababisha ukiukwaji wa haki za binadamu.
Anasema kuwa, vitendo hivyo vimekuwa pia vikitokana na udhaifu wa huduma za kisheria ambapo baadhi ya wanajamii hukosa msaada wa kisheria, kuwepo kwa sheria zilizopitwa na wakati, mitazamo finyu ya waendesha mashitaka mahakamani, makarani, mahakimu na wengine katika usimamizi wa sekta ya sheria.
Anasema kukosekana kwa haya yote kumekuwa kukiwafanya waathiriwa wa ukatili kuendelea kubaki katika maumivu makali maishani.
Anasema kukosekana kwa utekelezaji wa mikataba ya kimataifa kuhusu haki za wanawake kwa dhati kama vile mkataba wa kimataifa wa kuondoa aina zote za ukatili dhidi ya wanawake (CEDAW), tamko la Kimataifa la Haki za Binadamu (UDHR) ni sababu kuu ya kutowajali waathiriwa wa ukatili.
Kenyella anasema kutowaadhibu wanaosababisha ukatili huo ni kuruhusu kuendelea kuwepo miongoni mwa jamii na kuifanya jamii kutoona sababu ya kutoa taarifa pale wanapofanyiwa ukatili.
Anaongeza kuwa, katiba imetoa haki ya usawa baina ya wanawake na wanaume. Hata hivyo sheria nyingi nchini hazifanyiwi marekebisho ili kuweza kuendana na katiba ya nchi.
Anasema kwa upande wa uchumi hali ya ukatili hujitokeza kwa sababu wanawake wengi hawana vyanzo vya vipato na hivyo kuwa tegemezi hali ambayo husababisha kunyang'anywa vyakula na mahitaji mengine ya msingi kama vile mavazi na ada za shule kwa watoto wa kike.
Anasema tabia ya kufanya hivyo ni ukiukwaji wa haki kiuchumi ambapo pia kuna wanawake wamekuwa wakilazimishwa kukabidhi vipato vyao kwa waume zao au rafiki zao wa kiume na ndugu wa marehemu kunyang'anya mali za wajane vimekuwa ni tatizo katika nchi nyingi za Afrika.
Anaongeza kuwa takwimu za kiulimwengu zinaonyesha kuwa, ukatili wa kijinsia hauko kwa wanawake tu bali hata kwa upande wa wanaume ingawa takwimu nyingi zinaonyesha kuwa wanawake ndiyo wahanga wa ukatili kijinsia.
Anasema nchini kwa mujibu wa utafiti uliofanywa na WHO takwimu zinaonyesha kuwa, maeneo ya majiji kama Dar es salaam asilimia 41 ya wanawake ni waathiriwa wa ukatili wa kijinsia na asilimia 56 ya wale wanaoishi mkoa wa Mbeya hawajawahi kupata ukatili wa Kijinsia GBV kwa wenzi wao.
Anaongeza kuwa, utafiti wa mwezi Mei 2010 uliofanywa na REPOA unaonyesha asilimia 34.8 ya wanawake na asilimia 3 ya wanaume wameshafanyiwa vitendo vya ukatili ambapo mwaka 2007/9 jumla ya kesi 543 kutoka Zanzibar visiwa vya Unguja na Pemba zilitolewa taarifa polisi.
Anasema utafiti uliofanywa na Idara ya Taifa ya Takwimu mwaka 2010 kuhusu hadhi ya wanawake nchini Tanzania ulibaini asilimia 39 ya wanawake wanaafiki kuwa wanaume wana haki ya kupiga wake zao endapo atabishana naye.
Anasema asilimia 37 ya wanawake waliohijiwa wanaafiki kwamba mume ana haki ya kumpiga mkewe kwa sababu ya kuondoka nyumbani bila kumuaga mumewe wakati huo asilimia 40 ya wanawake wanakubali kuwa mume ana haki ya kumpiga mkewe pale anapozembea kuangalia watoto.
Anaongeza kwa upande wa suala la unyumba asilimia 30 ya wanawake wanakubali kuwa mume ana haki ya kumpiga mkewe atakapogoma kufanya tendo la ndoa wakati huo asilimia 53 ya wanawake wanaafiki mume ana weza kumpiga mkewe kwa sababu nyingine yeyote.
Anasema utafiti mwingine uliofanywa Dar es Salaam na TAMWA unabainisha kwamba kati ya wanawake kumi wenye mahusiano ya ndoa na wapenzi wao wanawake tisa wameathiriwa na ukatili wa kijinsia.Pia kati ya wanawake kumi wanawake sita wameathiriwa kimwili.
Anasema pamoja na Jeshi kuanzisha madawati maalumu yuanayoshughulikia unyanyasaji wa kijinsia wapo baadhi ya wanawake ambao bado hawaoni umuhimu wa kuyatumia aidha kwa kuona aibu au kutoyafahamu.
Anasema kutokana na hali hiyo kila mmoja ana wajibu wa kuwa balozi mzuri wa kufikisha ujumbe huu ili kuweza kupunguza tatizo laukatili wa wanawake na watoto ndani ya familia.
Kwa mujibu wa Naibu Waziri wa katiba na Sheria Bi.Angellah Kairuki anasema ukatili wa kijinsia unakwamisha maendeleo ya nchi kwa kiasi kikubwa.Hivyo kila mmoja anapaswa kupambana nao kwa kutoa elimu kwa jamii.
Anasema utafiti uliofanyika mwaka 2010 na Idara ya Takwimu ulibaini asilimia 39 ya wanaume wanaamini unyumba ni sehemu ya haki yao.
Anasema vitendo vya ukatili wa kijinsia katika amri kumi za Mungu na kwenye vitabu vya dini zote vinaeleza kuwa wanawake hawapaswi kupigwa bali wanahitaji kulindwa na kuheshimiwa.
Naibu anaongeza kuwa changamoto kubwa iliyopo kufikia malengo ni kutoa elimu ila kila jamii iweze kuelewa haki za binadamu na sera ya taifa ya 2009 ya kuwalinda watoto na wanawake.
Anasema kauli mbiu ya mwaka huu ni 'Funguka Kemea ukatili dhidi ya wanawake sote tuwajibike' ambayo inasisitiza kuchukua hatua kwa kukemea ukatili dhidi ya wanawake.
'Men were changed sexual violence will be reduced'
Cases of violence have been yakishika speed in some areas and cause some people to decide canceling their life by failing to withstand the abuse done to them.
These actions have been happen in different places in the state that has been leading to persistence of violence, especially women and children.
There are many types of sexual harassment that have been taking place for women and men where many have been to hide the abuse from kuyaonea shame.
Sexual violence is any act that could harm another person causing physical, mental, sexual, psychological, cultural, pain or even death happens in the family or community.
Violence also mean acts with the intent of forcing, threatening or intimidating someone and then ask it to do something contrary to his wishes.
Due to the existence of the condition activists and stakeholders have been kept for 16 days against gender violence where campaign globally dominated by the International Centre for Women in leadership "Women Global Leadership" appeared in 1991 intended to redeem those who are in suffering, especially women and children.
Origins of 16 days against gender violence is the unlawful killing of Mirabelle's Adada held in Dominica in 1960 and from November 25 in 1991 the United Nations had set aside this day as the International Day against Violence against Women.
Meets these celebrations climax on December 10 which is International Day to commemorate the official declaration of Human Rights, as a symbol to link violence against women and human rights and put an emphasis that such violence is a violation of human rights.
Given the situation in the Army of the police for the first time since its creation is united with the various stakeholders to make peaceful protest sexual violence against children.
The army has decided to do so due to an increase in violence in many areas leading to peace loss.
Speaking in an interview with well-known seasoned commander Kinondoni Regional Police, Charles Kenyela says that, there are many factors that lead to the existence of sexual abuse.
He says some of these reasons include staff trafficking, drug use and sale of liquor, which leads to violations of human rights.
He argues that such acts have been also vikitokana and weaknesses of legal services where some communities lack legal aid, the existence of outdated legislation, attitudes narrow prosecutors in court, clerks, judges and others in the management of the legal sector.
He says there has been a lack of all these kukiwafanya victims of violence continue to remain in painful life.
He says the lack of implementation of international conventions on women's rights seriously as an international convention to eliminate all forms of violence against women (CEDAW), the declaration of International Human Rights (UDHR) is the main factor kutowajali victims of violence .
Kenyella says kutowaadhibu who perpetrate violence is to allow the continued existence of the community and make the community because of reporting poor visibility when they brutalized.
He adds that the Constitution has the right to equality between women and men. However, many laws in the zifanyiwi amended to conform to the Constitution.
He says the economic situation of violence occurs because many women do not have sources of income and dependency status which results in deprivation of food and other basic needs such as clothing and school fees for girls.
He says the character to do so is a violation of economic rights where there are also women have been forced to hand over their earnings to their husbands or their male friends and relatives of the deceased to extort property of widows has been a problem in many African countries.
He adds that the global statistics indicate that sexual violence is not only for women but also for the men although many statistics indicate that women are victims of sexual violence.
He says the country according to research conducted by the WHO statistics show that areas of cities like Dar es Salaam, 41 percent of women are victims of sexual violence and the percentage...
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'Men were changed sexual violence will be reduced' – Cases of violence have been yakishika speed in some areas and cause some people to decide canceling their life by failing to withstand the abuse done to them. – These actions have been happen in different places in the state...
